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The future of work: Robots, AI, and automation



On May 14, Brookings Vice President Darrell West debuted his book, “The Future of Work: Robots, AI, and Automation.” After a presentation on his book, West was joined by a panel of experts to discuss how robots, artificial intelligence, and automation will transform society, the economy, and politics.

https://www.brookings.edu/events/the-future-of-work-robots-ai-and-automation/ (transcript available)

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14 Comments

  1. Thecnology has been part of human society since down of Stone Age when human invented stone tools so the point os not that technology will change our human social relationship is matter effect the ownership of production and distribution will change our society ,
    Is all matter who in Controll of this people (workers with the autonomy or owner of capital with autonomy)
    Once this relation solve in society then universal social service can be solved (by community and people in community).
    Wether we work 12 hrs or 5 hrs as long as we don’t have power to control that nothing fundamentally will chang . The point is society can’t be organize around economy vise versa economy should be organize around society the end means should be human growth not economic growth.

  2. Starting with the labor shortages of the Civil War period, we began to automate agriculture. At one time almost the entire population was engaged in agriculture. Today only 7% including all supporting workers building tractors, hauling etc. Do we have massive unemployment? No, those displaced workers are in other sectors of the economy…building national wealth.

  3. Reducing the working (day, week) hours is the solution, suggested here to maintain the employment rate because of the increasing productivity in the society due to the global progress in the AI technology. I did theoretically proposed this suggestion in my book “An alternative to Marxian Scientific Socialism: Theory Reduction in Working Hours”, in the year 1981.

    However, today I think this reduction in working hours is not a viable solution simply because it is not PRAGMATIC solution in today’s global context. Instead we should give the people the individual choice to “Work or Not To Work” by thinking “Out of the Box”

    What they need today is, a broad minded HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE, and Scientific vision of the progress of technology to comprehend this issue. Think out of the box; THE EXPONENTIAL GROWTH IN THE A.I. TECHNOLOGY WILL RENDER MOST HUMAN LABOR OBSOLETE, SOONER THAN LATER. THE EMERGING A.I. ROBOT MACHINES WILL BECOME THE NEW WORLD WORKING CLASS OF THE FUTURE.

    In my opinion, the rapid progress in the AI ROBOT automation resulting in massive job loss in fact; provides the great historical opportunity that the humankind has been waiting since its beginning. To emancipate from the drudgery of human labor. The SERVITUDE, enslavement, humiliation that the majority of the population compelled to undergo by the minority in order to earn their living i.e. wages, salaries or income. Now, with the progress in the AI technology, we can gradually get rid and finally abolish the human labor for wage system and replace it with an equitable income sharing system. It can begin with the Unconditional or Guaranteed Income popularly known as the Universal Basic Income or the UBI.

    My book titled “An Alternative to Marxian Scientific Socialism: The Theory Reduction in Working Hours (RWH); ….” Published in the year 1981. Today I rename it as Zero Work Theory (ZWT) More of its details in the links https://bit.ly/2Id6eL0, http://bit.ly/2eARyEx http://bit.ly/2nR4MAP

    The gist of the theory is; “Labor” or work is the compulsion on humans (originally imposed by nature) to obtain their means of subsistence. The "human labor relation" is the ROOT-CAUSE OF EXPLOITATION on man by man. It results it all kinds of subjugation, injustice, inequality and corruption in the hitherto human society.

    According to the RWH Theory, the AI ROBOTS are the EMBODIMENT of the mankind’s million years of historical struggle, technological endeavor, and dream to overcome their labor/work for SURVIVAL. Now it had culminated into complete replacement of the human labor, jobs or employment.

    Its first stage began with the early humans primitive tools used as the replacement of their body, limbs in their day to day work for survival. It reached many levels of mechanical development and sophistication continued for hundreds and thousands years of ancient to medieval history. The second stage began at around 18th century with the advent of steam engines electrical motors merging with the machine tools popularly known as the Industrial Revolution . It most importantly replaced the human muscle power in the human labor equation with the unimaginable inanimate energy force unparalleled in the history. These machine tool although able to do the hard labor of hundreds of thousands of workers nevertheless always needed the humans intelligent brain cognitive power to perform, conduct the given work or duty.

    The third and final stage began with the advent of Semiconductors or the microchip revolution. The Exponential growth of the microprocessors started the era known as the Artificial Intelligence. The 21st century AI robots automation started rapidly replacing humans (biological) intelligence with its human brain like neurological machine deep learning algorithms. AI today is getting far more superior to the humans biological brain in the performance of all human work. Its cognitive learning ability can supersede any intelligent human brain enabling the robots to render every “paid” human labor completely redundant or obsolete.

    Now, the only way to progress towards the mankind’s destiny is; A Gradual Reduction in Working Hours aiming towards the complete abolition of the Wage labor i.e. jobs. However, considering the failure or stagnation of the reduction of working hour movement in the last decades and the present worlds rapid AI exponential technological progress and disruption, I realize that a guaranteed Basic Income or the Equitable Universal Basic Income fulfills the final objectives of the RWHT. Nevertheless, my views on the UBI not the same as many of the UBI proponent, who see it as mainly as an incentive to the poor workers to work more productively with the additional income and to supplement to their wages. I argue UBI needs to act as a complete replacement to the wage-labor. “UBI SHOULD ALLOW THE PEOPLE TO BECOME ECONOMICALLY INDEPENDENT, TOTALLY FREE FROM THE DRUDGERY OF WORK, OUT OF THE SERVITUDE, HUMILIATION OF WAGE-LABOR IF THEY WANT. This will also encourage a substantial portion of the laboring population to quit their jobs, which will positively result in the increase in the employment, wages thereby further rapid AI automation in the entire industry. The recommendation of an adequate amount of UBI without having the compulsion of wage-labor, mean ZERO WORK for the individuals which can achieve the overall Reduction in Working Hours in the society, thefinal GOAL of the RWH Theory. So now I prefer the name “Zero Work Theory” (ZWT). I have explained more about this theory in my blog.

    The principle behind the ZWT is that the fruits of the progress in the science and technological in the human society should not be appropriated or concentrated in the hands of only a few but it is their historical responsibility and every people concerned, to see to it that the benefit should be equally shared among all members of the society IN ABUNDANCE. This is inevitable future, the elite class should understand what is coming, whether they like it or not.

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